Cruise Scientific             Visual Statistics Studio

The Long Waves of Time

	Long Waves of Time
	Chapter I Rise of Christianity
	Chapter II Saeculum Obscurum
	Chapter III Carolingian Reformation
	Chapter IV Age of Byzantium
	Chapter V Crusades
	Chapter VI Renaissance
	Chapter VII Reformation
	Chapter VIII Age of Enlightenment
	Chapter IX Resurgence of Religion
	References

Crusades

This period is demarcated by the First Crusade (1096) and by the fall of Acre (1291), the last of the fortresses crusaders erected in the Middle East. During the First Crusade, Jerusalem was conquered at the cost of more than 60,000 lives;

 'there was such a carnage that our people were wading ankle-deep in the blood of our foes.
 Happily and crying for joy our people marched to our Savior's tomb, to honor it and to pay off our debt of gratitude.'

The crusades ended when religious fervor was replaced by disinterest and doubts about God's will to liberate the Holy Land. The times of crusades are undoubtedly the epoch of high military activity. This period marks the apex of Church power and closest association of spiritual and secular powers in Europe.